clipped from: space.newscientist.com   

Booming sound waves heat up galaxy cluster


Enormous sound waves seen rippling through a galaxy cluster are heating up its gas, new observations suggest. This may solve a longstanding puzzle about why such clusters refuse to cool down.


Astronomers discovered in the 1970s that the vast reservoirs of gas located in galaxy clusters – massive groupings of hundreds or thousands of galaxies – glow brightly in x-rays. This suggested that the gas should be cooling and contracting as it radiates its energy away. But in 2001, new observations failed to find the expected pools of cool gas, puzzling astronomers.


One possible explanation for the heating came in 2003, when the Chandra X-ray Observatory saw enormous ripples – spanning many thousands of light years across – in the gas inside the nearby Perseus galaxy cluster.

Sound waves ripple through a galaxy cluster in this image from the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Bright x-rays from the gas near the centre has been filtered out to make the ripples more visible (Image: J Sanders/A Fabian/U Cambridge/Chandra)